The models ofeducational engineering focused on the individual play an essential role in the world of vocational training. They make it possible to design a training tool for companies.
These models should include various aspects: technical, logistical, material, human and economic. Four educational engineering models exist: individual-oriented models, production-oriented models, systems-oriented models, and generic models.
Educational engineering refers to a methodical approach that makes it possible to analyze, design, adapt and install learning devices. The latter must adapt to educational goals predefined, thanks to various educational tools digital.
The challenges:
- facilitate the acquisition and skills development
- reduce training costs
- optimize learning paths
- develop theemployee commitment And the corporate culture
Towards a training tool
The technical process of engineering models oriented on the individual must respect several steps:
- Identify the profile of learners: age, gender, environment, current skills, interests, digital fluency
- Define training objectives: definition of quantifiable, measurable and precise objectives in advance. The goals and competencies chosen depend on the complexity of the subject and the pre-existing internal resources.
- Choose the tools, modalities and educational strategy. Then, use them according to the material, the work environment, the learner and the objectives
- Production and design (design) of training devices and educational content: according to the learning objectives predefined by the company
- Promote interaction between learners to engage them: thanks to social learning, collaborative learning and gamification (discussion spaces, exchanges between employees, quizzes, games, rewards...)
- Evaluation and monitoring of the progress of employees: The evaluation phase concerns in particular the testing of the training system for its improvement by the designers. Then, the monitoring of learners is focused on the performance of the learners to determine the effectiveness of the training course.
The most well known educational engineering model is the generic model ADDIE. It is based on 5 pillars: Analysis of training objectives, Training Design, Development of the educational project, Implementation of educational activity and Assessment of the learning process.
Pedagogical engineering models focused on the individual
Engineering models that focus on the individual becoming a training tool include:
- The Morrison, Ross, and Kemp model (1994): the “MRK” model includes the components of the ADDIE model. It has become more complex to meet the challenges of new technologies in the field of training.
- The Heinich, Molenda, Russell, and Smaldino model (1996): Also called the ASSURE model (Analyze; State objectives; Select methods, media and materials; Utilize materials; Require learner participation; Evaluate and revise) model.
It was created to facilitate the planning and implementation of activities within the educational path. In this way, learners' motivation and commitment develop. Finally, the evaluation phase concerns not only the objectives to be achieved, but also the relevance of the choice of supports and activities. This educational engineering model is centered on the learner and the importance of their commitment and participation.
- The Reiser and Dick Model (1996) is structured around 7 main points:
The identification of the general purpose, the identification of the objectives, the planning of educational activities, the choice of tools and supports, the development of the tools, the implementation of the system and its adaptation.
Therefore, pedagogical engineering models oriented on the individual make it possible to design a fully-fledged training tool.
Instructional engineering models that focus on the individual produce a training tool. Indeed, the user profile must be analyzed in order to adapt and personalize the training course as much as possible. It is essential to know the predisposition, the achievements and the objectives of your users. Because, a successful user experience also includes an interactive dimension through activities and keeps individuals engaged and motivated. Learners therefore reach their educational goals and develop new skills. These individual-oriented educational engineering models become a training tool.
